On Diets and Fasting

This morning, as I made my bed (consciously before breakfast!) I thought of the difference between a fast and a diet in quite philosophical terms. Fasting is different from dieting in the formal and the final cause, i.e. what made you want to do it in the first place and what is the end result you want to achieve with doing it. God! With fasting the source and the summit is God! It is an act of worship, in comes from God and is aimed at Him.

Now, I would add to Maguire's insights below that fasting is the larger reality, and it may certainly include diet within it, as long as the end purpose is God and not the flesh. We should want the good effects of dieting, namely to be totally healthy and alert and energetic (knowing we will never achieve it on this side of the grave, especially as the years go by!), but all in the service of the Lord, taking up His cross and hungering for Him. That seems to be in line with the words of the bishop in her article, directing our fasting to adoration, etc.

As a matter of fact, I would say that your diet itself can be a perfect fast! It matters why you are doing it, the formal cause and the final cause. For the Lord of the body and of the soul!

What is more, even the good of our souls which we seek, we seek that good also as an act of love and adoration of the Lord, because we love Him, because he always first loves us!

A fast is greater than a mere diet, just an alms is greater than philanthropy, and prayer is greater than yoga! Fasting, alms and prayer are acts of God and of reparation for sins!

Sunday, March 26, 2017 

How to Make Fasting Not a Diet 

Patti Maguire Armstrong

What did Jesus do prepare for his public ministry? He went into the wilderness to fast for forty days. It was not a diet. That might sound crass but it’s tempting to look at spiritual fasting as a convenient opportunity to also go on a diet. 

Dieting is about your body and health and fasting is about your soul. It has the power to defeat evil, strengthen our prayers, and draw us closer to God. When we fast, we follow the example of Jesus who utilized the power of fasting before going public. 

Separate Dieting from Fasting 

Even if we are convinced of the value of fasting, how can we be sure that our motivation to fast doesn’t get mixed in with dieting? The fact that weight loss could result from a fast doesn’t have to rob it of its spiritual power. 

This is how I keep fasting out of the realm of dieting. Diets don’t require losing the satisfaction of the food. As a matter of fact, making a tasty meal is encouraged when dieting. When I’m fasting, I make eating about survival and not about enjoyment. 

To fast, I eat what I don’t prefer. I sometimes use a high protein bread to fast, but for me, the point is going hungry for a time and also not getting enjoyment out of my food. For instance, not putting dressing on a salad or eating a plain hard-boiled egg and a piece of bread gives me sustenance but not much satisfaction. 

The point is to define your motivation and then identify how your fast will be different from a diet. I once heard a priest speaking about fasting say that in the Bible, fasting always referred to food. He said it’s fine to give up other things, but doing without food in some way, is the expectation of fasting in Scripture. 

Fasting is one of the three pillars of Lent along with prayer, and almsgiving, but only fasting requires physical discipline and endurance. We feel the personal sacrifice in our body, just as Jesus felt his Passion. 

Examples in Scripture 

Jesus said in Matthew 6:16: “When you fast...” not “If you fast...” The first Christians fasted (Acts 13:2-3; 14:23) but it was nothing new. Moses and Elijah had done the same. Fasting and putting on sackcloth saved the city of Nineveh from destruction in the book of Jonah. King David said, "I humble myself through fasting” (Psalm 35:13). 

Kings and presidents once called on their entire country to fast. President John Adams proclaimed a day of fast and abstinence in 1798 when France threatened war. War was avoided. President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed a national day of fasting in August of 1864 during the Civil War. The tide turned. 

"Prayer is good with fasting and alms, more than to store up treasures of gold" (Tobit 12:8). 

"Know ye that the Lord will hear your prayers, if you continue with perseverance in fastings and prayers in the sight of the Lord" (Judith 4:11). 

"But this kind [of demon] can be cast out in no other way except by prayer and fasting" (Mark 9:29).

Remove Obstacles 

During Lent a couple years ago, Archbishop William Gob of Singapore, called on all of Singapore’s 200,000 Catholics to fast each Friday on bread and water to promote the New Evangelization. “For prayer to be effective, it must be accompanied by fasting,” he wrote. “We learn this from Jesus, our model in evangelization, by looking at how he prepared his ministry, going into the wilderness where he fasted for 40 days.” 

Archbishop Gob emphasized that adding fasting to “devout and fervent prayers” is the only way to defeat the "hostile secularism" that is undermining society. He also credited fasting with removing obstacles while cleansing us from sin. 

But for it to bear fruit, Archbishop Gob said fasting should be a source to open our hearts to God and show mercy and charity to others. He recommended doing it in union with others to benefit from encouragement and mutual support and to pray and read Scripture together. He also suggested using mealtimes to pray or go to Eucharistic adoration.

Cf. Catholic Regulations for Lenten Fast and Abstinence, Old and New; and
Ember Days.